Practical Immunocytochemistry in Diagnostic Cytology by Eugenio Leonardo & Ricardo H. Bardales

Author:Eugenio Leonardo & Ricardo H. Bardales
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030466565
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Neuroendocrine tumor/carcinoma

Three different entities are considered in this group: well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid-like), poorly differentiated/small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and invasive carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors are composed of single and crowded plasmacytoid cells with eccentric nuclei and a moderate amount of eosinophilic granular cytoplasm (Fig. 4.84). Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma shows cytologic features similar to those of other anatomic sites. Neuroendocrine differentiation has been demonstrated in up to 30% of invasive ductal carcinomas and is most frequently found in mucinous carcinomas, particularly the hypercellular variant, and in solid papillary carcinomas. The neoplastic cells demonstrate strong expression of CK8, CK18, CK19, chromogranin A (Fig. 4.85), synaptophysin (Fig. 4.86), CD56, and NSE. Most well-differentiated and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors have a luminal A molecular profile, such as ER (Fig. 4.87) and PgR (Fig. 4.88)-positive and HER-2-negative.

Fig. 4.84Breast neuroendocrine tumor. H&E stain (high magnification)

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